Embedded Files
Lesson Instructions
Lesson Instructions
Review the learning goals and success criteria for Topic 3: Gases and Temperature Changes [Charles Law].
Review the minds on, action, and consolidation sections of the lesson, completing any tasks as outlined.
Complete the fill-in-the-blanks handouts that have been provided to you. They have been linked below.
Practice and apply what you've learned by completing the practice tasks outlined at the end of the lesson.
Learning Goals
Learning Goals
I am learning to ...
use Charles’ Law to determine the effect of changing volume or temperature at constant pressure.
use Gay-Lussac’s Law to determine the effect of changing pressure or temperature at constant volume.
Minds On
Minds On
Charles' Law
Charles' Law
Freshly-baked bread is light and fluffy as a result of the action of yeast on sugar. The yeast converts the sugar to carbon dioxide, which at high temperatures causes the dough to expand. The end result is an enjoyable treat, especially when covered with melted butter.
Gay-Lussac's Law
Gay-Lussac's Law
Propane tanks are widely used with barbeque grills. However, it's not fun to find out halfway through grilling that you've run out of gas. You can buy gauges that measure the pressure inside the tank to see how much is left. The gauge measures pressure and will register a higher pressure on a hot day than it will on a cold day. So, you need to take the air temperature into account when you decide whether or not to refill the tank before your next cook-out.
Action
Action
Charles' Law
Charles' Law
In 1783, Jacques Charles discovered (while hot air ballooning) that increasing the temperature of a gas will increase collisions causing particles to spread out.
The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature in Kelvin.
As temperature increases, volume increases.
* The temperature must always be in Kelvin.
What's going on here?
What's going on here?
As a container of a confined gas is heated, its molecules increase in kinetic energy and push the movable piston outward, resulting in an increase in volume.
Example
Example
The volume of gas in a cylinder is 0.30 L at 25°C. What is the final volume when the temperature is increased to 315 °C?
Practice
Practice
Now that you've learned how to use Charles' law, try solving this problem:
Now that you've learned how to use Charles' law, try solving this problem:
A balloon is filled to a volume of 2.20L at a temperature of 22 oC. The balloon is then heated to a temperature of 71 oC. Find the new volume of the balloon.
Summary
Summary
Increasing the temperature of a gas at constant pressure will produce an increase in the volume.
Watch the following video to review Charles' Law:
Watch the following video to review Charles' Law:
Gay-Lussac's Law
Gay-Lussac's Law
In 1802, Joseph Gay-Lussac discovered that increasing the temperature of a gas causes the molecules to move faster and collide more often against the side of the container.
The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature in Kelvin.
As temperature increases, pressure increases.
* The temperature must always be in Kelvin.
Example
Example
Find the temperature of a gas with 137 kPa of pressure if the gas initially had a pressure of 125 kPa at 0.00 oC.
Practice
Practice
Now that you've learned how to use Gay-Lussac's law, try solving this problem:
Now that you've learned how to use Gay-Lussac's law, try solving this problem:
The gas in an aerosol can is under a pressure of 3.00atm at a temperature of 25 oC . It is dangerous to dispose of an aerosol can by incineration. What would the pressure in the aerosol can be at a temperature of 845 oC?
Summary
Summary
Pressure and temperature at constant volume are directly proportional.
Watch the following video to review Gay-Lussac's Law:
Watch the following video to review Gay-Lussac's Law:
This lesson is now complete. Consolidate your learning by evaluating the self-check below and the assigned practice questions.
Self-Check
(This is a self-assessment of your learning – you do not need to submit this).Self-Check
How prepared am I to start my homework? Can I ...
use Charles’ Law to determine the effect of changing volume or temperature at constant pressure?
use Gay-Lussac’s Law to determine the effect of changing pressure or temperature at constant volume?
Practice
Practice
Using your textbook, complete the following questions:
p522 #13-16, 18
p525 #24, 26-28
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